Answer:
a) The equation describes the relationship between p and q is p + q = 1 for allelic frequencies
b) The frequencies of alleles A1 in decimals is 0.7 and in percents is 70%.
The frequencies of alleles A2 in decimals is 0.3 and in percents is 30%.
Explanation:
According to Hardy-Weinberg, the allelic frequencies in a locus are represented as p and q, referring to the allelic dominant or recessive forms. The genotypic frequencies after one generation are p² (Homozygous dominant), 2pq (Heterozygous), q² (Homozygous recessive). Populations in H-W equilibrium will get the same allelic frequencies generation after generation. The sum of these allelic frequencies equals 1, this is p + q = 1.
In the same way, the sum of genotypic frequencies equals 1, this is
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
Being
- p the dominant allelic frequency,
- q the recessive allelic frequency,
- p²the homozygous dominant genotypic frequency
- q² the homozygous recessive genotypic frequency
- 2pq the heterozygous genotypic frequency
In the exposed example,
- A1 codes for purple leaves, has a frequency of 0.7 and is dominant.
- A2 codes for white leaves, has a frequency of 0.3 and is recessive.
According to this equation: p + q = 1.
0.7 + 0.3 = 1
A1A1= p²= 0.7² = 0.49
A2A2= q² = 0.3² = 0.09
A1A2 = 2pq = 2 x 0.7 x 0.3 = 0.42
According to this equation: p² + 2pq + q² = 1
0.49 + 0.42 + 0.09 = 1
- The frequencies of alleles A1 in decimals is 0.7 and in percents is 70%.
- The frequencies of alleles A2 in decimals is 0.3 and in percents is 30%.
