Answer:
4. The A allele is dominant to the a allele.
Explanation:
In genetics, the dominant allele which is expressed when present in single or two copies is always written with an upper case letter. The corresponding allele whose expression is prevented in the presence of the dominant allele is written in the "lower case letter". This is called recessive allele. In the given genotype, one copy of "A" and one copy of "a" is present. This means that the allele written with upper case letter "A" is dominant over the allele "a". Nothing can be said about the genetic trait regulated by these two alleles of a gene.
Raoult's law (/ˈrɑːuːlz/ law) is a law of thermodynamics established by French chemist François-Marie Raoult in 1887. [1] It states that the partial vapor pressure of each component of an ideal mixture of liquids is equal to the vapour pressure of the pure component multiplied by its mole fraction in the mixture. In consequence, the relative lowering of vapour pressure of a dilute solution of nonvolatile solute is equal to the mole fraction of solute in the solution.
Mathematically, Raoult's law for a single component in an ideal solution is stated as
{\displaystyle p_{i}=p_{i}^{\star }x_{i}},
where {\displaystyle p_{i}} is the partial pressure of the component {\displaystyle i} in the gaseous mixture (above the solution), {\displaystyle p_{i}^{\star }} is the vapor pressure of the pure component {\displaystyle i}, and {\displaystyle x_{i}} is the mole fraction of the component {\displaystyle i} in the mixture (in the solution).[2]
Once the components in the solution have reached equilibrium, the total vapor pressure of the solution can be determined by combining Raoult's law with Dalton's law of partial pressures to give
{\displaystyle p=p_{\rm {A}}^{\star }x_{\rm {A}}+p_{\rm {B}}^{\star }x_{\rm {B}}+\cdots }.
If a non-volatile solute (zero vapor pressure, does not evaporate) is dissolved into a solvent to form an ideal solution, the vapor pressure of the final solution will be lower than that of the solvent. The decrease in vapor pressure is directly proportional to the mole fraction of solute in an ideal solution.
{\displaystyle p=p_{\rm {A}}^{\star }x_{\rm {A}}}{\displaystyle \Delta p=p_{\rm {A}}^{\star }-p=p_{\rm {A}}^{\star }(1-x_{\rm {A}})=p_{\rm {A}}^{\star }x_{\rm {B}}}.
Principle of Raoult's LawEdit

Vapor pressure of a binary solution that obeys Raoult's law. The black line shows the total vapor pressure as a function of the mole fraction of component B, and the two green lines are the partial pressures of the two components.
Ecological models ( physical and computer) enables the Simulation of a large scale ecology which makes it easier to identify an ecological problem and also design a solution in relation to the problem identified.
An ecological model is the simulation of the ecosystem which is used for survey, in order to identify, ecological problems, reveal the properties of the ecology, and also for the testing of scientific hypothesis. which would have been difficult to be carried out on a real ecosystem.
Ecological models can be grouped into; biodemographic, bioenergetic, and biogeochemical. and they are applicable in wildlife conservation and agriculture.
Hence physical and computer ecological models can be used to design a solution for an ecological problem by the simulation of a large scale ecology to identify and design a solution
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The answer will be Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER).
It is a kind of channel that carries substances, such as proteins, oil droplets, water, to other parts of the cell.
Well, to make it easier, endoplasmic reticulum is actually a fancy way of saying "cellular highway". I will explain to you why. I always like to study BIOLOGY relating our activities and our stuff.
Okay, let's push aside cells. Let's think of us, humans. We can't stay in one place, we gotta moving all around the city. What do we use for moving around the city: either roads or sidewalks or footpaths.
Just like that, a cell also has a medium or road or a channel where all the substances can move around the cell. Well, its ER! So, from now on, everytime you are struggling with this difficult, L O N G word, just replace it with "cellular highway". The ER is like a water pipe, too. Water flows through it. Here, cellur substances flow through it. The ER is connected to the nucleus.
SUMMARY:
1# ER aka Endoplasmic Reticulum is a kind of channel that carries substances, such as proteins, oil droplets, water, to other parts of the cell.
2# Try thinking it easy: replace it with "cellular highway".
3# It is much like the roads or sidewalks, we walk on.
Answer:
4) d
Explanation:
In the given figure, <u>A is a wavelength</u> which is the distance between two crests of a wave. <u>B is a crest</u> which is the highest point located on a wave at maximum distance upward from the middle of the wave. C is a trough which is an opposite of crest meaning that it is the lowest point on a wave from the middle.
Lastly, <u>equilibrium</u> is a point located in the middle of wave. In other words, it is the average of crests and troughs located on a wavelength.
