After some early trading expeditions the first Dutch settlement was founded in 1615 fort Nassau on castle island along the hudson near present day Albany. The settlement served mostly as an outpost for trading in fur with the native lenape tribespeople but was later REPLACED BY FORT ORANGE.
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The answer to this question is B. This resulted in a rise in socialist and anarchist movements.
First of all, the passage mentions street children by saying "children pitching pennies" and "kicks and cuffs are their daily diet". Also, pollution is touched in this passage as it mentions "summer stenches" which are bad smells that come because of urbanization and the drains that have foul smells (hence they mention "sink"). We also see how neighborhood noises and noisy people from all around the area show up in urbanized areas because of cramped spaces. Hence, quarreling is mentioned here as well as instances of profanity.
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Although there are no options attached, we can comment on the following.
The fossil discovered in the 1950s that reinforced the hypothesis that Africa was the birthplace of humanity was the "Australopithecus Africanus."
At the end of the 1940s, beginning of the 1950s, renowned archeologists John T Robinson and Robert Broom excavated the Sterkfontein Caves in South Africa and discovered a 2.3 million-year-old fossil they called "Mrs. Ples," or the Australopithecus Africanus.
Anthropologists consider that South Africa is the cradle of humanity. They think that the first hominids appeared there and they spread to other regions of the earth. The oldest one of the hominids was the Australopithecus and it is considered to have appeared on earth approximately five million years ago. The latest form of hominids, the H*mo Sapiens -you and I- appeared approximately 200,000 years ago.
An Inca crafts person prays at a Christian church is the action among the following actions that would have been possible only after the start of the Columbian Exchange. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the third option or option "C". I hope the answer helps you.