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Bess [88]
3 years ago
11

Which of the following statements explain why the van der Waals equation must be used to describe real gases? X. interactions be

tween gas molecules reduces the temperature of the gas in the sample Y. the non-zero volumes of gas particles effectively decrease the amount of "empty space" between them Z. the molecular attractions between particles of gas decreases the pressure exerted by the gas
Chemistry
1 answer:
8090 [49]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Statements Y and Z.

Explanation:

The Van der Waals equation is the next one:

nRT = (P + \frac{an^{2}}{V^{2}})(V -nb) (1)

The ideal gas law is the following:

nRT = PV (2)

<em>where n: is the moles of the gas, R: is the gas constant, T: is the temperature, P: is the measured pressure, V: is the volume of the container, and a and b: are measured constants for a specific gas.  </em>

As we can see from equation (1), the Van der Waals equation introduces two terms that correct the P and the V of the ideal gas equation (2),<u> by the incorporation of the intermolecular interaction between the gases and the gases volume</u>. The term an²/V² corrects the P of the ideal gas equation since the measured pressure is decreased by the attraction forces between the gases. The term nb corrects the V of the ideal gas equation, <u>taking into account the volume occuppied by the gas in the total volume, which implies</u> a reduction of the total space available for the gas molecules.          

So, the correct statements are the Y and Z: the non-zero volumes of the gas particles effectively decrease the amount of "empty space" between them and the molecular attractions between gas particles decrease the pressure exerted by the gas.            

Have a nice day!

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NO</span>₃⁻<span> <span>and </span></span>K⁺<span> <span>pair up to make </span></span>KNO₃ salt<span>. </span><span>

<span>When writing chemical formulas </span>positive ion comes first<span> <span>and second is negative ion. The charges should be switched. Since </span></span>positive ion has +1 and negative ion has -1<span> <span>after the switching off charges </span>the </span>product should be KNO</span>₃.<span>

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</span>This is a strong acid - strong base<span> reaction. </span>HNO₃ is the strong acid<span> and </span>Ca(OH)₂ is the strong base<span>. </span><span>
<span>
H</span></span>⁺<span> in the HNO₃ and </span>OH⁻<span> of the Ca(OH)₂ pair up and make </span>H₂O(l)<span>. </span><span>

Ca²⁺ and </span>NO₃⁻<span>  pair up to make </span>Ca(NO₃)₂ salt<span>. </span><span>
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</span><span>Positive ion is </span>Ca²⁺<span> which has </span></span>+2 charge<span> and negative ion is</span> NO₃⁻<span> <span>which has </span></span>-1 charge<span>. From switching the charges </span>Ca²⁺ gets 1<span> <span>while </span></span>NO₃⁻ gets 2.<span> Hence, the salt should be </span>Ca(NO₃)₂.<span>

Balanced equation is 
</span>2HNO₃<span>(aq) + Ca(OH)</span>₂<span>(aq) → 2H</span>₂O(l) + Ca(NO<span>₃)₂(aq)</span><span>
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3. Salt is CaCl</span></span>₂<span>

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H</span></span>⁺<span> in the HCl and </span>OH⁻<span> of the Ca(OH)₂ pair up and make </span>H₂O(l)<span>. </span><span>

Ca²⁺ and </span>Cl⁻<span> pair up to make </span>CaCl₂ salt<span>. </span><span>
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</span><span>Positive ion is </span>Ca²⁺ which has </span>+2 charge<span> and negative ion is</span> Cl⁻<span> which has </span>-1 charge<span>. By switching the charges </span>Ca²⁺ gets 1<span> while </span>NO₃⁻ gets 2.<span> Hence, the salt should be </span>CaCl₂.<span>

Balance equation is 
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H</span></span>⁺<span> in the HCl and </span>OH⁻<span> of the KOH pair up and make </span>H₂O(l)<span>. </span><span>

K</span><span>⁺ and </span>Cl⁻<span> pair up to make </span>KCl salt<span>. </span><span>
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Balance equation is 
</span><span>HCl(aq) + KOH(aq) → H</span>₂<span>O(l) + KCl(aq)</span>

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