Question

James did not study for the test and failed. Instead of admitting that his lack of studying caused this result , he claims that a nightmare he had made it impossible for him to focus on the exam. In Freud's theory, which of the following defense mechanisms is James likely using? Rationalization sublimation Both none of these

Answer 1

Answer: Rationalization

Explanation:

Defense mechanisms are psychological strategies that we use to protect ourselves from feelings of guilt, anxiety and unacceptable thoughts which arise because we feel threatened.

Rationalization is a defense mechanism which contentious behaviour or feelings are justified and expressed in a likely rational or logical manner to avoid the real true explanations

The rationalization defense mechanism according to Sigmund  Freud in his psychoanalytic theory, is a tactic developed by the ego to protect against anxiety, and also help to protect the mind against feelings and thoughts that are too difficult for the conscious mind to cope with