Answer:
1.European monarchs were fed up with the Church dominating everything.
Explanation:
As the church was gaining more and more power, the diverse monarchs were already tired of habing to answer to the Vatican, and because it was a large source of power before they had to do it, but since British had left the vatican and started their own religion, that was lead by the king other monarchs assumed and started to think that it was no longer necessary to be backed up by the pope to be able to rule a country, this added up with the ideas of the reinassance helped to emancipate empires from the vatican influence.
"D. Congress" This was the correct answer for me so I hope this helps you!
the longest one in history
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