Question

What is the BEST description of the following list? 1. Eye color 2. Height 3. Hair color 4. Ear shape A) learned traits that can be acquired through practice B) personality traits learned by watching other organisms C) physical traits that parents could pass on to offspring D) natural traits that are randomly passed on to organisms 9) Eukaryotic plant and animal cells each have distinguishing characteristics. For example, plant cells have cell walls, while animal cells do not. Which statement BEST elaborates on the reason for this difference? A) Cell walls help plants make their own food by converting light energy. Animals do not make their own food. B) Animal cells use oxygen, and it cannot pass through cell walls. Plant cells do not need oxygen to pass through. C) Animal cells produce waste, and a wall would prevent it from leaving the cell. Plant cells do not produce waste. D) Cell walls of plant cells give plants their rigid shapes, while lack of cell walls allows for mobility in animals. 10) Generally all (animal) cells have different shapes because they do different things. Each cell type has a specific role which it has to play in order to assist the body in working efficiently and functionally. Thus their shape supports them to carry out these roles effectively. Plant cells are not necessarily square, but they due tend to have distinct edges and be somewhat rectangular. This structure is caused by the cell wall which is very rigid and therefore forces the cell to have a defined shape. While plant and animal cells have structural similarities, they also differ in a few ways, including in shape. Plant cells tend to be rectangular and have distinct edges, while animal cells vary widely in shape and tend to have rounder, more fluid edges. Which statement BEST elaborates on the reason for this difference? A) Animal cells have rounded edges because they contain cell walls, while rigid plant cells do not need cell walls. B) Rectangular shapes help plants absorb sunlight during photosynthesis, and round shapes help animal cells absorb oxygen. C) Animal cells vary in shape because they have different functions, while plant cells are rigid to help plants grow upright. D) Plant cells are rectangular because they are all connected within a plant, while animal cells never come in contact with each other. Eliminate

Answer 1

1. Inherited Traits and Learned Behaviors

2. Essential Questions • How are inherited traits different from learned behaviors? Vocabulary to Know: • Inherited trait • Offspring • Learned behavior

3. How would you describe yourself? • You might say that you have brown eyes, and that you can skateboard. • Let’s look at the list from yesterday… Are these inherited traits? • How many of your traits could also describe someone in your family?

4. Now let’s say that you have brown eyes and you can skateboard… • Consider this…does anyone else in your family have brown eyes or can skateboard? • Probably only a few of them can skateboard… but one of your parents may have brown eyes. Your eye color came from your parents, however you learned to skateboard.

5. Humans and other animals are a mix of characteristics from their parents and behaviors they learned on their own • A physical characteristic that is passed from a parent to their baby (offspring) is an inherited trait.

6. Inherited Traits • Eye color • Skin color • Hair color • Curly or straight hair • Dimples • Freckles • Height

7. Are your ear lobes attached to the side of your head, or do they hang free? • The shape of your ear lobe is an inherited trait.

8. Inherited Behaviors • A behavior is a way of acting. Behaviors can be inherited too. • Inherited behaviors are called instincts. (innate behaviors) • Many animals are born with instincts that help them survive.

9. Inherited Behavior examples… • When the weather turns chilly in the fall, animals prepare for the winter by instinct. (preparing for winter) • Some animals head for warmer climates during the winter. (migrating) Other animals find a safe spot and curl up for a long sleep. (hibernating) • Spiders spinning a web.

10. • Some behaviors are “learned” but not inherited. Behaviors that are obtained by observing, experiencing, or practicing are called learned behaviors. Learned Behaviors

11. Learned Behaviors - examples • Are you better at using the computer than the some of the adults in your family? If so, you learned how to do this. You did not inherit this behavior from your parents. • We learn many behaviors that helps us every day. These behaviors include how to make a sandwich, skateboard, and be polite to others.

12. Can you learn behaviors that do not help you? • Yes! • They can include watching television or eating poorly. Can animals learn behaviors? • Yes! Can your dog sit?

13. Let’s review… • An inherited trait is a physical characteristic that is passed from parents to their babies (offspring). • A behavior is a way of acting. • Inherited behaviors are called instincts. • Learned behaviors are not inherited but learned from others.

14. Quiz Time

15. 1. Which of these is an inherited trait? a. Liking the color red b. Having long fingers c. Wearing your hair in a ponytail d. Liking chocolate ice cream

16. 2. Which of these is a learned behavior? a. Having long eyelashes b. Having curly hair c. Heading south in the fall d. Liking peanut butter sandwiches

17. 3. Which of these can you change? a. Your instincts b. Your inherited traits c. Your learned behaviors d. Your inherited behaviors

18. 4. A woman is an excellent cook. Why are her children likely to become good cooks? a. They will learn to cook by instinct b. They will learn to cook by watching c. They will inherit her cooking skills d. Cooking is an inherited trait

19. Example Learned Behavior Inherited Behavior Inherited Trait Typing on a keyboard Blood type Migrating birds Tasting P.T.C. Winning at video games