Control Group: Group that is being controlled .This group doesn´t receive the treatment from the researchers
Experimental Group:Group that is being Experimented and that receives the testing
please help there’s 3 questions at the bottom left.
Answer:
Almost all calcium in the body is stored in bones and teeth, giving them structure and hardness. Your body needs calcium for muscles to move and for nerves to carry messages between your brain and every part of your body.
Sodium-Potassium Pump
Three sodium ions bind to intracellular sites on the sodium-potassium pump.
A phosphate group is transferred to the pump via the hydrolysis of ATP.
The pump undergoes a conformational change, translocating sodium across the membrane.
Answer:
The correct answer is: d. REs activity is best preserved by freezing the RE and thawing it out for brief periods of time as needed.
Explanation:
- Restriction enzymes can be defined as endonucleases that can recognize specific nucleotide sequence in a DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) sequence and cause breakage of phosphodiester bond in the DNA at the target site. Hence, it has the capacity of cleaving a DNA sequence.
- These are made up of proteins which are required to be present in the accurately folded conformation in order to function.
- Any form of alteration in the three-dimensional structure of the protein induced due to physical, chemical, mechanical or physiological factors can cause denaturation of the protein which in turn can render the protein non-functional.
- Freezing of restriction enzymes (REs) directly without the use of glycerol will cause the movement of water molecules within the proteins as well layering of water molecules on the protein surface.
- At low temperature these water molecules change to ice crystals which can alter the conformation of the protein or can cause breakage of peptide bonds in the proteins by physical force.
- This can cause the protein to get denatured and hence non-functional.
- Hence, it is never advisable to preserve REs by freezing directly without glycerol.
- Glycerol forms a layer around the protein molecules and prevents the protein molecules from coming into direct contact with the water molecules and hence prevents protein denaturation.
