The answer is friction. As ocean wave approach the shoreline, they are affected by the sea bed through process such as refraction, shoaling, bottom friction and wave-breaking. However wave breaking also occurs in deep water when the waves re too steep. If the waves meet major structurer or abrupt changes in the coastline, they will be transformed by diffraction.
More than half of Earth's rain forests have already been lost due to the human demand for wood and arable land. Rain forests that once grew over 14 percent of the land on Earth now cover only about 6 percent.