If CO2 was in very small amounts then it would be the limiting factor of photosynthesis, this means the process will take place at a much slower rate because it is lacking one of the raw materials it needs for the process to occur. To find the optimum light intensity you really need all other factors to be at optimum levels or in abundance.
Answer:
Cell-mediated immunity develops through a network of interactions that results in defense against microorganisms that survive within phagocytes or other cells. The response is initiated by the recognition of intracellular microorganism antigen by T cells through the histocompatibility complex. In the CD8 response, only the target cell carrying the class I associated antigen can be lysed or induced to apoptosis. In another mechanism of the cellular response, CD4 + Th1 T cells activate, for example, cytokine-infected macrophages such as IFN. When a pathogen resists the effects of activated macrophages, chronic infection may develop.
The hormonal immunity response leads to the destruction of extracellular microorganisms and prevents or decreases the spread of intracellular cells by neutralizing, opsonizing and activating the complement system.
Hydrogen ion, or H-, creates water when combined with a hydroxide ion, OH+.
The 'formula' for water is H20, two hydrogens and an oxygen.
I hope that I helped but if this still makes no sense, or if I haven't explained it as well, then please don't hesitate to ask further questions. Thank you.
Amino acid<span>, </span>any of a group of organic molecules that consist of a basic amino group (−NH2<span>), an acidic carboxyl group (−COOH), and an organic </span>R<span> group (or side chain) that is unique to each amino acid. </span>
