1. The rulers who came to power after Charlemagne failed to defend the empire.
2. Europe was threatened by Muslims, Magyars, and Vikings in the 9th and 10th centuries.
A government with a king or queen ruling over the area, and making most of the economic decisions along with members of the royal court, is known as a Monarchy.
Answer:
c. Is less puzzling when the reinforcers maintaining it are known.
Explanation:
In the given scenario, the bizarre behavior of John is discussed, mainly about his professional life as a boxer. His injuries from such regular fights do not seem to hinder or reduce his involvement in fights.
At the same time, he also knows the risks that his fighting brings, that he can get serious brain damage or even permanent injuries. But that doesn't seem to have much impact on him for he continues to fight. This is an example of bizarre behavior that is less puzzling when the reinforcers maintaining the bizarre behavior are known.
Thus, the correct answer is option c.