Mesopotamia was known for being in vicinity to the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. This allowed them to use an extensive amount of trade routes to modern day Turkey and Iran, as well as getting closer to where Asian and European traders were.
This, in turn gave them access to resources that they otherwise would not be able to find in their own territory, such as certain metals and wood.
the answer is c i believe ;)
Homesteaders needed to live on their land for at least 5 years.