The incorrect statement is option (A) the innate defenses of the body apply strictly to external pathogens, while adaptive defenses apply strictly to internal pathogens.
Immunity can be classified into two types namely, the innate immunity and the adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is the first line of defense against the pathogens. It includes the physical and chemical barriers of the immune system along with the action of the phagocytizing cells called the macrophages. Whereas, the adaptive immunity is mediated by the cells of the immune system called the lymphocytes. The B lymphocytes produce antibodies and are responsible for humoral immunity. The T lymphocytes produce the cell mediated immunity with the production of the helper T cell, cytotoxic T cells and attack the pathogens. Innate immune response is comparatively a faster immune response which can be activated by any foreign substance entering the body. Both the defenses work on external and internal pathogens.
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yes, for example, an earth quake while devastating can lead to the formation of a mountain or a valley. or a flood can change a landscape in such a way to make it more inhabitable for the local creatures. while natural disasters can help the ecosystem they can also be horrible for them as well.
Answer:
Here are some explanations from 0nline so if you want rewrite in your own words
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blood glucose-
"The control of blood sugar (glucose) by insulin is a good example of a negative feedback mechanism. When blood sugar rises, receptors in the body sense a change. In turn, the control center (pancreas) secretes insulin into the blood effectively lowering blood sugar levels."
"If the blood glucose level is too low, the pancreas releases the hormone glucagon. This travels to the liver in the blood and causes the break-down of glycogen into glucose. The glucose enters the blood stream and glucose levels increase back to normal. This is an example of negative feedback."
body temperature-
" Body temperature is regulated by negative feedback. The stimulus is when the body temperature exceeds 37 degrees Celsius, the sensors are the nerve cells with endings in the skin and brain, the control is the temperature regulatory center in the brain, and the effector is the sweat glands throughout the body."
"Body temperature is controlled by the hypothalamus in the brain. If the hypothalamus detects that the body is too hot, the response is that the body begins to sweat to try and reduce the temperature back to the correct level."
"Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances."
"Negative feedback brings a system back to its level of normal functioning. Adjustments of blood pressure, metabolism, and body temperature are all negative feedback"
True: because it acts as a semi permeable membrane.
