<span>Cilia projections from cell surfaces that aid in locomotion and feeding; also used to sweep substances along surface, as well has flagella which is a tail-like projection that aids in locomotion</span>
The correct answers are:
Trematodes are acoelomates that have effective defenses against attack by their hosts' immune system.
Trematodes are flatworms, internal parasites known as flukes. Their life cycle is complex: they sexually reproduce in vertebrates and asexual reproduce in mollusks (mostly snail). The body of flukes is covered with tough tegument that defends them form digestive enzymes of host’s intestine.
Cnidarians are diploblasts that produce complex, capsule-like organelles.
Cnidaria are water organisms with simple structure: two layers of epithelium and a jelly substance between them. The cells of Cnidaria-cnidocytes contain capsule with venom substance in it with protective role.
The response that is most accurate is that; with age, your arteries lose their elasticity and are replaced with collagen, which makes your arteries stiffer. Systolic hypertension or pressure is an elevated systolic blood pressure. If the systolic blood pressure is elevated (above 140) with a normal (<90) diastolic blood pressure, it is called the isolated systolic hypertension.
Hormones glucagon and insulin are produced in the alpha and beta cells respectively in the Islet of Langerhan in the pancreas. They are involved in the negative feedback system of blood glucose regulation in homeostasis.
GLUCAGON: when there is a low blood glucose concentration, the pancreas detect this and alpha cells produce and release glucagon. Glucagon causes the cells of the body to absorb less glucose from the blood. It also inhibits the process of converting glucose into glycogen (glycogenesis) and cause gluconeogenesis (process of converting amino acids/proteins and lipids/fats into glucose) and glycogenolysis (conversion of glycogen to glucose). Finally, glucagon decreases the rate of respiration so less glucose is required.
INSULIN: when blood glucose is high, insulin is released. Insulin binds with cell surface receptors of cells and activates the enzymes attached to the receptor. The enzymes cause a conformational change in the structural proteins that surround glucose transport protein containing vesicles, causing them to move out of the way so the vesicles migrate up to the cell membrane and glucose transport proteins can fuse with it. Thus, more glucose can be taken in by cells. Insulin also cause glycogenesis (converting glucose into glycogen) and inhibits gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.
Basically insulin decreases blood glucose concentration (eg. after eating) and glucagon increases it (eg. skipping breakfast in the morning)
