It's a. The British thought they were going to win the war the whole way but the British loss at Saratoga made the French think that if they joined forces with the us rebels that the over powering British forces could be taken down.
B. A means for repaying the people
It would be generosity, most specifically hospitality. The shepherds showed their selfless behavior to help Paris. As for the protagonist himself, it would be to grow as an individual and to have faith in people.
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