With ideal environmental factors, bacteria are able to reproduce at a very rapid pace.
<h3>Bacterial reproduction</h3>
Bacteria reproduce mainly by a single cell dividing into two, given the right condition. In order words, they reproduced by binary fission.
When environmental conditions are optimum, a typical bacterial cell can divide every 4 to 20 minutes depending on the species.
The time can become longer with sub-optimal environmental conditions.
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Explanation:
The genes that determine color and pattern are linked.
- Solid pattern allele (L) is dominant over lined pattern (l)
- Blue color allele (B) is dominant over aqua color (b)
<h3><u>Initial cross</u></h3>
Homozygous lined aqua beetle has the genotype <em>lb/lb</em>
It can produce only 1 type of gamete: <em>lb</em>
X
Homozygous solid blue beetle has the genotype<em> </em><em>LB/LB</em>
It can produce only 1 type of gamete:<em> </em><em>LB</em>
The F1 is formed by the union of the parents' gametes, so it will have the genotype <em>lb/LB</em>
<h3><u>F1 test cross</u></h3>
Test crosses involve a homozygous recessive individual.
<u>The homozygous recessive individual</u><u><em> lb/lb</em></u><u> can only produce 1 type of gamete:</u>
<u>The F1 individual </u><em><u>lb/LB</u></em><u> can produce 4 types of gametes:</u>
- lb - parental
- LB - parental
- lB - recombinant
- Lb - recombinant
Explanation:
Metabolites are the different kinds of the substances which are essential to metabolism of the organism.
Metabolites produced by the plants can be categorized into the primary metabolites and the secondary metabolites.
The primary metabolites have important role in survival of plant and play an active role in the respiration and the photosynthesis.
On the other hand, the secondary metabolites are not involved in normal growth and the development of plant. Although absence of these type of metabolites can lead to impairment of survivability of plant in long run.
<u>Secondary metabolites are produced mostly by the plants for the defense purposes.</u> They include steroids, alkaloids, phenolics, essential oils, resins, tannins, lignins, flavonoids, etc.
Bacteria cell walls provide structure like plant cell walls. Unlike plant cell walls, however, the bacterial cell wall is responsible only for the one-celled organism itself, without the requirement of connecting and supporting a larger organism composed of many cells
