Answer:
Option D
Explanation:
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the source of energy for use and storage at the cellular level.
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<h2>Fixation</h2>
Nitrogen in its gaseous form (N2) can’t be used by most living things. It has to be converted or ‘fixed’ to a more usable form through a process called fixation. There are three ways nitrogen can be fixed to be useful for living things:
<h3>Biologically: </h3>
Nitrogen gas (N2) diffuses into the soil from the atmosphere, and species of bacteria convert this nitrogen to ammonium ions (NH4+), which can be used by plants. Legumes (such as clover and lupins) are often grown by farmers because they have nodules on their roots that contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
<h3>Through lightning: </h3>
Lightning converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia and nitrate (NO3) that enter soil with rainfall.
Step 1: Glycolysis. In glycolysis, glucose—a six-carbon sugar—undergoes a series of chemical transformations. In the end, it gets converted into two molecules of pyruvate, a three-carbon organic molecule. In these reactions, ATP is made, and \text{NAD}^+NAD + N, A, D, superscript is converted to {NADH}NADHN, A, D, H.
Step 2:Pyruvate oxidation. Each pyruvate from glycolysis goes into the mitochondrial matrix—the innermost compartment of mitochondria. There, it’s converted into a two-carbon molecule bound to Co-enzyme A, known as acetyl CoA. Carbon dioxide is released and NADH is generated.
Step 3:Citric acid cycle. The acetyl CoA made in the last step combines with a four carbon molecule and goes through a cycle or reaction, ultimately regenerating the four carbon starting molecule.
