Explain how it would be possible to have a change in a single base of DNA, but have the protein NOT change and be functional.
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Answer: The probability is 100%.
Explanation: The chromosome X is related to gender. A man carries two different chromosomes (XY) and a woman carries two similar chromosomes (XX). The offspring of a couple will inherited:
- If it is a boy, he inherites the chromosome Y from his father and X from his mother;
- If it a girl, she inherites X from her father and X from her mother;
In the question, the woman is color-blind, which means she carries the recessive alleles:
The man, on the other hand, is normal, so his X-linked genotype will be: .
Now, since they have a daughter, she inherited her double X from each of her parents, which means she inherited one from her mother and one
from her father.
So, the daughter's genotype can only be heterozygotic in other words, the probability is 100%.