Answer and explanation
There are instances where taking any vitamin or mineral supplements will be unnecessary or even harmful.
Example
a) For children who are already drinking Fluoridated it will be unnecessary to give them Fluoride supplements
b) It is unnecessary to take supplements because you believe it can cure diseases. If you have a disease one should see a doctor
c) It can be harmful to take supplements that increase energy levels inthe body. It can lead to altered heart rhythm and eventually death
d)A doctor should be consulted before taking nutrient supplements such as Vitamin A. Most have a toxicity level and it is not necessary to take them unless there is deficiencies.
Explanation:
In neurology, postganglionic nerve fibers are autonomic nerve fibers from the ganglion to the effector organ. These, unlike preganglionic fibers (whose sole neurotransmitter is acetylcholine) have a variety of neurotransmitters to fulfill their functions.
Neurotransmitters
The neurotransmitters of postganglionic fibers are varied, and are distributed as follows:
In the parasympathetic nervous system, neurons are cholinergic (Acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter)
In the sympathetic nervous system, neurons are mostly adrenergic (norepinephrine-epinephrine and / or norepinephrine, both have the same chemical structure, but epinephrine has a methyl group unlike norepinephrine that has a hydrogen, instead of a methyl group - act as the primary neurotransmitter) Two exceptions to this are the sympathetic innervation of the sweat glands and the piloerector muscles where the neurotransmitter in both pre and post ganglionic synapses is acetylcholine and in the vessels of the renal cortex where dopamine is used as the main neurotransmitter. Another exception is the sympathetic innervation of the medulla of the adrenal gland, which is innervated by preganglionic fibers, and subsequently uses acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter. Adrenal medulla cells are, in fact, modified postganglionic neurons that secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine directly into the bloodstream rather than a synapse.
In both divisions of the autonomic nervous system, postganglionic neurons express nicotinic acetylcholine receptors to receive signals from preganglionic neurons.
Probably occurred with the presence of a catalyst (enzyme)
Answer:
Through a circumstance known as "secondary transfer DNA", or "Touch DNA".
Explanation:
Most times when a crime is committed, DNA samples are obtained from surfaces in the scene where the crime was committed. There is a very huge possibility of picking up the DNA of someone who was never at the scene of the crime and this is a result of a condition known as Touch DNA.
Because we touch several objects which can be moved to different locations and touch people who are also always mobile, our DNA cells can find their ways to a crime scene where we had never physically been to. This can lead to false verdicts of guilt.
