Answer:
The charges inside and outside of the neuron before receiving a stimulus are negative and positive, respectively, which corresponds to the transmembrane rest potential.
Explanation:
Neuron is the specialized cell of the nervous system in charge of transmitting electrical impulses. The generation of a nerve impulse in the form of an electric current is due to a change in the transmembrane potential.
<u>Outside the neuron cell, electrical charges are predominantly positive, and the ion with the highest concentration is sodium. In the intracellular space, a great quantity of proteins provide negative charge, and there is a predominance of potassium ions</u>. Under these conditions, the ionic channels are closed.
For this reason, a neuron at rest, before receiving a stimulus, presents positive charges on the outside and negative charges on the inside, and the membrane potential in this condition is estimated at a value of -65 mV.
Once a stimulus is produced, the ionic channels open and Na+ ions enter the cytoplasm, exchanging them for K+, which implies a change in the membrane potential which, on reaching the threshold, produces an action potential and the nerve impulse is produced.
Answer:
a.)<u>fault</u>:A fault is a planar crack or discontinuity in a volume of rock over which rock-mass motions have caused considerable displacement.
b.)<u>focus</u>:The focus is on the location where an earthquake begins deep under the Earth's crust.
c.)<u>epicenter</u>:The epicenter of an earthquake is the point on the earth's surface that is vertically above the epicenter.
d.)<u>seismic waves</u>:Seismic waves are elastic waves that occur in the ground as a result of an earthquake or other natural occurrence.
Explanation:
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What are people's favorite colors? How does the color purple make people feel? Something like that
Answer:
organizational effect.
Explanation:
Organizational effect is a long-term effect of hormonal action typically occurring in fetal development or the early postnatal period that leads to permanent changes in behavior and neural functioning. For example, the presence of testosterone in young male rats leads to long-term male-typical behavior, and female rats can be masculinized by neonatal exposure to testosterone.
Organizational effects act during development, often during critical period. Such hormones affect the construction or fine-tuning of sex organs or neural circuits underlying behavioral capacities that will be needed in adulthood.
Organizational effects are often under tight genetic control, and not subject to major influence by environment.
Organizational effects are often irreversible.
For Absolute dating they assign a numerical date to each rock layer studied
For relative dating they go Through geological dating and stratigraphy processes. Also, they use Uranium Dating.
