"Autosomal dominant" patterns of inheritance best explains the transmission of the trait.
<u>Answer:</u> Option D
<u>Explanation:</u>
In single-gene disorders there are several fundamental inheritance modes: autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked dominant and X-linked recessive. Nevertheless, these patterns will not be observed by all genetic conditions, and other unusual inheritance mechanisms such as mitochondrial inheritance occur.
Autosomal dominant is an inheritance pattern in which an individual affected has one xerox of a mutant gene and one normal gene on a pair of autosomal chromosomes. Autosomal dominant is one of many ways in which families may transmit a trait or disorder. If one get the abnormal gene from just one parent in an autosomal dominant disorder, than he/she can get the disease.
Answer:
False. There are 20 amino acids, but 64 possible codons.
Explanation:
Genetic information for the aminoacids assembly during the protein synthesis is stored in short sequences of three nucleotides named codons in the mRNA. Each of the codons represents one of the 20 amino acids used to build the protein. The total number of possible codons is 64, from which 61 codify amino acids -more than one codon codify for the same amino acid-. One of these amino acids is also the start point of protein synthesis. And the left three codons are stopping translation points.
The codons indicating the initiation or stop points during the translation process are:
• The start codon AUG is the most common sequence used by eukaryotic cells and places near the 5´extreme of the molecule. However, other codons might be used as well. Prokaryote cells might use the codons GUG or UUG.
• The end codons are UAA, UAG, UGA.
Essentially, multicellular organisms are made up of more than one cell. As such, they are different from unicellular (single celled) organisms that only consist of a single cell. Like unicellular organisms, there are a wide range of plant and animal multicellular organisms in existence.
Microscopes made it possible to learn more about single-celled organisms.