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3 years ago

Sales taxes tend to be __________ because low income individuals tend to spend more of their income.

Business

1 answer:

ki77a [65]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

Regressive.

Explanation:

Sales tax is regressive as it mostly collected from poor or low income consumer, as they spend most of thier income and hardly save money or efford for luxury goods. Sales tax is very important source of revenue for the government, however, it impact heavily on low income people. Low income consumer spend most of the income than consumer with income, which create gap or imbalance between poor and rich.

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The following transactions apply to Jova Company for Year 1, the first year of operation:

aleksandr82 [10.1K]

Answer:

Year 1:

a. Issued $17,000 of common stock for cash. ⇒ ASSET SOURCE

Dr Cash 17,000

Cr Common stock 17,000

b. Recognized $63,000 of service revenue earned on account. ⇒ ASSET SOURCE

Dr Accounts receivable 63,000

Cr Service revenue 63,000

c. Collected $56,400 from accounts receivable. ⇒ ASSET EXCHANGE

Dr Cash 56,400

Cr Accounts receivable 56,400

d. Paid operating expenses of $36,600. ⇒ ASSET USE

Dr Operating expense 36,600

Cr Cash 36,600

e. Adjusted accounts to recognize uncollectible accounts expense. Jova uses the allowance method of accounting for uncollectible accounts and estimates that uncollectible accounts expense will be 2 percent of sales on account. ⇒ ASSET USE

Dr Bad debt expense 132

Cr Allowance for doubtful accounts 132

Year 2:

a. Recognized $70,500 of service revenue on account. ⇒ ASSET SOURCE

Dr Accounts receivable 70,500

Cr Service revenue 70,500

b. Collected $64,400 from accounts receivable. ⇒ ASSET EXCHANGE

Dr Cash 64,400

Cr Accounts receivable 64,400

c. Determined that $860 of the accounts receivable were uncollectible and wrote them off. ⇒ ASSET EXCHANGE

Dr Bad debt expense 860

Cr Accounts receivable 860

d. Collected $300 of an account that had previously been written off. ⇒ ASSET EXCHANGE

Dr Accounts receivable 300

Cr Bad debt expense 300

Dr Cash 300

Cr Accounts receivable 300

e. Paid $48,100 cash for operating expenses. ⇒ ASSET USE

Dr Operating expense 48,100

Cr Cash 48,100

f. Adjusted the accounts to recognize uncollectible accounts expense for Year 2. Jova estimates uncollectible accounts expense will be 1 percent of sales on account. ⇒ ASSET USE

Dr Bad debt expense 117

Cr Allowance for doubtful accounts 117

trial balance year 1

Dr Cash 36,800

Dr Accounts receivable 6,468

Cr Common stock 17,000

Cr Service revenue 63,000

Dr Operating expense 36,600

Dr Bad debt expense 132

Income Statement

Year 1

Service revenue $63,000

Expenses:

Operating expense $36,600
Bad debt expense $132 ($36,732)

Net income $26,268

Balance Sheet

Year 1

Assets:

Cash $36,800

Accounts receivable $6,468

Total Assets $43,268

Equity:

Cr Common stock 17,000

Retained earnings $26,268

Total equity $43,268

Statement of changes in stockholders' equity

Year 1

Beginning balance $0

Common stock issued $17,000

Net income $26,268

Ending balance $43,268

trial balance year 2

Dr Cash 16,600

Dr Accounts receivable 5,123

Cr Service revenue 70,500

Dr Operating expense 48,100

Dr Bad debt expense 677

Income Statement

Year 2

Service revenue $70,500

Expenses:

Operating expense $48,100
Bad debt expense $677 ($48,777)

Net income $21,723

Statement of changes in stockholders' equity

Beginning balance:

Common stock issued $17,000

Retained earnings $26,268

Net income $21,723

Ending balance $64,991

Balance Sheet

Year 2

Assets:

Cash $53,400

Accounts receivable $11,591

Total Assets $64,991

Equity:

Cr Common stock 17,000

Retained earnings $47,991

Total equity $64,991

Statement of cash flows

Year 2

Net income $21,723

Adjustments to net income:

Increase in accounts receivable ($5,123)

Net cash from operating activities $16,600

Net cash increase $16,600

Beginning cash balance $36,800

Ending cash balance $53,400

3 0

3 years ago

Which option in a webmail program allows you to type a new message? The option allows you to create a new message. NextReset

mixas84 [53]

Answer:

The "compose" or "draft" option allows you to type a new message.

3 0

3 years ago

According to federal law, an insurance company under the provisions of the Investment Company Act of 1940 must allow a variable

torisob [31]

Answer: 24 months

Explanation:

The law of the state allows for periods more than 24 months, a 2 years of conversion privilege is required by federal law.

7 0

3 years ago

At December 31, Amy Jo's Appliances had account balances in Accounts Receivable of $309,000 and $600 (credit) in Allowance for U

MissTica

Answer:

Bad debt expense $ 14.850

Explanation:

Initial Balance

Accounts Receivable $ 309.000

Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts $ 600

Should be 5% of the Accounts Receivables

Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts $ 15.450

We must calculate the difference between the actual balance and the must be balance.

Adjustment entry

Bad debt expense $ 14.850

Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts $ 14.850

END Balance

Accounts Receivable $ 309.000

Allowance for Uncollectible Accounts $ 15.450

5 0

3 years ago

Beale Manufacturing Company has a beta of 1.8, and Foley Industries has a beta of 0.80. The required return on an index fund tha

navik [9.2K]

Answer:

3.5%

Explanation:

We will apply asset pricing model to calculate cost of equity (required rate of return). The capital asset pricing model is stated as below:

Cost of equity = Risk-free rate + Beta x Market risk premium

Putting all the number together, we have:

Cost of equity (Beale) = 5.5% + 1.8 x (9% - 5.5%) = 11.8%

Cost of equity (Foley) = 5.5% + 0.8 x (9% - 5.5%) = 8.3%

Cost of equity (Beale) - Cost of equity (Foley) = 11.8% - 8.3% = 3.5%

Note: You can also do quick calculation as below:

Cost of equity (Beale) - Cost of equity (Foley) = (Beta of Beale - Bete of Foley) x Market risk premium = (1.8 - 0.8) x (9% - 5.5%) = 3.5%

6 0

3 years ago