The radius of the anion is 7.413 nm
<h3>How to calculate the force of attraction between charges</h3>
The force of attraction (F) is given by the formula:
- F = (1/4π∈r²)(Zc*e)(Za*e)
where:
∈ = permittivity of free space = 8.85*10⁻¹⁵ F/m
Zc = charge on the cation = +2
Zc = charge on the anion = -2
e = charge on an electron = 1.602 * 10⁻¹⁹ C
r = interionic distance
r = rc + ra
where rc and ra are the radius of the cation and anion respectively
F = 1.64 * 10⁻⁸ N
Therefore based on the equation of force of attraction:
1.64 *10⁻⁸ = [1/4π(8.85*10⁻¹⁵)r²](2 * 1.602*10⁻¹⁹)²
r² = 5.63 * 10⁻¹⁷
r = 7.50 nm
Since r = rc + ra
where rc = 0.087 nm
thus, ra = r - rc = 7.50 - 0.087
ra = 7.413 nm
Therefore, the radius of the anion is 7.413 nm
Learn more about ionic radius at: brainly.com/question/2279609
<u>Answer:</u> The percent yield of the compound is 30.86 %.
<u>Explanation:</u>
To calculate the percentage yield of a compound, we use the equation:
Experimental yield of compound = 25 g
Theoretical yield of compound = 81 g
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the percent yield of the compound is 30.86 %.
The characteristics of the α and β particles allow to find the design of an experiment to measure the ²³⁴Th particles is:
-
On a screen, measure the emission as a function of distance and when the value reaches a constant, there is the beta particle emission from ²³⁴Th.
- The neutrons cannot be detected in this experiment because they have no electrical charge.
In Rutherford's experiment, the positive particles directed to the gold film were measured on a phosphorescent screen that with each arriving particle a luminous point is seen.
The particles in this experiment are α particles that have two positive charge and two no charged is a helium nucleus.
The test that can be carried out is to place a small ours of Thorium in front of a phosphorescent screen and see if it has flashes, with the amount of them we can determine the amount of particle emitted per unit of time.
Thorium has several isotopes, with different rates and types of emission:
- ²³²Th emits α particles, it is the most abundant 99.9%
- ²³⁴Th emits β particles, exists in small traces.
In this case they indicate that the material used is ²³⁴Th, which emits β particles that are electrons, the detection of these particles is more difficult since it has one negative charge, it has much lower mass, but they can travel further than the particles α, therefore, for what type of isotope we have, we can start measuring at a small distance and increase the distance until the reading is constant. At this point all the particles that arrive are β, which correspond to ²³⁴Th.
Neutron detection is much more difficult since these particles have no charge and therefore do not interact with electrons and no flashing on the screen is varied.
In conclusion with the characteristics of the α and β particles we can find the design of an experiment to measure the ²³⁴Th particles is:
-
On a screen, measure the emission as a function of distance and when the value reaches a constant, there is the β particle emission from ²³⁴Th.
- The neutrons cannot be detected in this experiment because they have no electrical charge.
Learn more about radioactive emission here: brainly.com/question/15176980
A. Everyone. Ppl use chemicals everyday and don’t even know it. And that’s why its everyone periodt
SUBATOMIC PARTICLES
After reading this section you will be able to do the following:
<span>List the three main subatomic particles of an atom.Discuss the positions of these particles within the atom and what electric charge they carry, if any.</span>
What are atoms made of?
Now that we have talked about how atoms are combined to make other substances, let's talk about the particles that make up the atom. Particles that are smaller than the atom are called subatomic particles. The three main subatomic particles that form an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons. The center of the atom is called the nucleus. First, let's learn a bit about protons and neutrons, and then we will talk about electrons a little later.
Protons and Neutrons
Protons and neutrons make up the nucleus of an atom. All protons are identical to each other, and all neutrons are identical to each other. Protons have a positive electrical charge, so they are often represented with the mark of a "+" sign. Neutrons have no electrical charge and are said to help hold the protons together (protons are positively charged particles and should repel each other).
If all protons are identical and all neutrons are identical, then what makes the atoms of two different elements different from each other? For example, what makes a hydrogen atom different from a helium atom? The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus give the atoms their specific characteristics. In the graphic below you will notice that each of the three elements have different numbers of protons and neutrons. They would also like to have the same number of electrons as they have protons in order to stay electrically balanced.
