Answer:
Sporophytes were branched before the evolution of vascular tissues
In early land plants the gametophytes were branched and complex like the sporophytes
Explanation:
The fossil record shows that early land plants appeared in the Ordovician Period, approximately 470 million years ago (Mya). These plants were non-vascular plants (e.g., mosses and liverworts) which can be recognized as fossilized spores. Thus, the first land plants could not transport nutrients like sugar, water, or minerals around the plant. Nowadays, it is believed that early land plants had gametophyte dominant life cycles (haploid life phase), while vascular tissues evolved as an adaptation to life on land, in the sporophyte (diploid life phase).
<span> </span>function of carbohydrates<span> is to prevent the breakdown of proteins for energy.</span>
Answer:
Most genes contain the information needed to make functional molecules called proteins. (A few genes produce other molecules that help the cell assemble proteins.) The journey from gene to protein is complex and tightly controlled within each cell. It consists of two major steps: transcription and translation. Together, transcription and translation are known as gene expression.
During the process of transcription, the information stored in a gene's DNA is transferred to a similar molecule called RNA (ribonucleic acid) in the cell nucleus. Both RNA and DNA are made up of a chain of nucleotide bases, but they have slightly different chemical properties. The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
Translation, the second step in getting from a gene to a protein, takes place in the cytoplasm. The mRNA interacts with a specialized complex called a ribosome, which "reads" the sequence of mRNA bases. Each sequence of three bases, called a codon, usually codes for one particular amino acid. (Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.) A type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) assembles the protein, one amino acid at a time. Protein assembly continues until the ribosome encounters a “stop” codon (a sequence of three bases that does not code for an amino acid).
The flow of information from DNA to RNA to proteins is one of the fundamental principles of molecular biology. It is so important that it is sometimes called the “central dogma.”
Answer:
50%
Explanation:
because if you use the box method you see that half receive a short alele.
T t
T TT Tt
T TT Tt
Answer: oxygen
Explanation: It is oxygen because we always need oxygen for many things and organisms
