The correct answer is D.
Lech Walesa (born in 1943) is a Polish politician and labour activist. He founded and leaded <em>Solidarity</em> the first free labor union in the Soviet bloc. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1983 and became president of Poland in 1990 until 1995.
The reasons why he was awarded the Nobel Prize was because he developed mechanisms for peaceful resolution of labor issues in his country. He established networks for negotiations and cooperation between the government and the unions, specifically his organization called <em><u>Solidarity</u></em>. He attempted to solve problems through peaceful initiatives, while surrounded by a world in constant tension due to the Cold War scenario. His behaviour set a model to be followed and this is why the committee decided to give him the award.
Disagreements over state's rights, slavery, and other issues, the Civil War occurred when the tensions finally grew too much.
It allowed for slaves to be counted as people halfway to please the abolitionists, but didn't allow them to be citizens to please the pro-slavery side.
Answer:
The National Party was elected in 1948 on the policy of Apartheid ('separateness'). This 'separateness' put South Africans of different racial groups on their own paths in a partitioned system of development.
Explanation:
<h3>Effects of the Group Areas Act</h3>
The GAA had strange implications for governance and responsibility as it became more elaborate and amended. For example, the Coloured townships of Coronationville, Noordgesig, Newclare, Riverlea, and Western Township are administrated by Johannesburg City Council while Bosmont is the responsibility of the Department of Community Development (South African Institute of Race Relations, 1964: 216). The work of welfare organizations was made more difficult by the GAA, like Lunalegwaba House, a group home for African boys, in Johannesburg could not operate because the regulations of the GAA did not allow the White charity to own the property (South African Institute for Race Relations, 1967: 306). People attempted to use the courts to overturn the GAA, though each time they were unsuccessful (Dugard, 1978, 324). Others decided to use civil disobedience and other protests, like ‘sit-ins’ at restaurants, were experienced across South Africa in the early 60s. The 'sit-ins' were not ill-received by the average White citizen, which the South African Institute of Race Relations believed proved that they did not object to sharing restaurants with the other racial groups (1961: 183). There was also resistance from Cape Town City Council who voted before 1964 to keep District Six and the central business district not dedicated to any one racial group; they had the support of the Cape Town Chamber of Commerce on this decision (South African Institute of Race Relations, 1964: 213).
