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topjm [15]
3 years ago
6

You and your friend who lives far away want to fairly and randomly select which of the two of you will travel to the other’s hom

e for a visit. Your friend remembers having learned about using hashes as cryptographic commitments and proposes to use a coin toss to decide. He tells you to randomly choose ‘heads’ or ‘tails’ by throwing a coin, hash the result using sha256, and send him the hash. Once you have committed to the outcome, he’ll guess ‘heads’ or ‘tails’, you’ll reveal to him your choice and he can verify that the hash is correct. If his choice matches your coin toss, then your friend wins and you have to make the trip. What is the problem with this scheme, as described?
a.there’s no way to prove that your coin toss is random
b.there’s no way to prove that sha256 is collision resistant
c.your friend can hash all possible options and discover your secret
d.unless you sign the hash message your friend can’t be sure it was you who sent it
Computers and Technology
1 answer:
Phantasy [73]3 years ago
6 0

Answer:

c. your friend can hash all possible options and discover your secret.

Explanation:

SHA-256 is a set of hash functions that was designed by the NSA. SHA-2 is considered an upgrade on the set that was its predecessor, SHA-1. A hash is a mathematical function that condenses data in a process of one-way encryption. SHA-256 creates hash algoritms that are considered irreversible and unique. However, one of the properties of hashing algorithms is determinism, which means that any computer in the world would be able to compute a particular hash and get the same answer.

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3 years ago
Instructions Write a program that allows the user to enter the last names of five candidates in a local election and the number
KengaRu [80]

Here is code in java.

import java.util.*;

class Election

{ //main method

   public static void main(String args[]){

      // create an object of Scanner class to read input

      Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);

      // string array to store name of candidates

       String name[] = new String[5];

       // int array to store vote count of candidates

       int v_count[] = new int[5];

       double p = 0;

       int i = 0, sum = 0, high =0, win = 0;

for(i = 0; i < 5;i++)

       {

          System.out.print("last name of Candidate " + (i+1) + ":");

          // read name of Candidate

          name[i] = s.next();

          System.out.print(" number of votes received: ");

          // read vote of Candidate

           v_count[i] =s.nextInt();

if(v_count[i] > high)

              {

                  // highest vote

                  high = v_count[i];

                  win = i;

              }

              // total vote count

           sum +=v_count[i];

       }

     // printing the output

      System.out.println("\nCandidate\tVotes Received\t% of TotalVotes\n");

       for(i = 0; i < 5;i++)

       {

           // % of vote of each Candidate

           p =(v_count[i]*100)/sum;

           // print the output

          System.out.println(name[i] + "\t\t" + v_count[i] + "\t\t\t" +p);

       }

       // print the total votes

      System.out.println("\nTotal Votes:\t" + sum);

      // print the Winner of the Election

       System.out.println("Winner of the Election is: " + name[win]);

   }

}

Explanation:

Create a string array "name" to store the name of candidates.Create Integer array "v_count" to store votes os each candidates.Calculate total votes of all candidates and find the highest vote amongst all candidate and print it.Find % of votes received by each candidate.Print these stats.

Output:

last name of Candidate 1:patel

number of votes received: 54

last name of Candidate 2:singh

number of votes received: 76

last name of Candidate 3:roy

number of votes received: 33

last name of Candidate 4:yadav

number of votes received: 98

last name of Candidate 5:sharma

number of votes received: 50

Candidate       Votes Received  % of TotalVotes

patel           54                      17.0

singh           76                      24.0

roy             33                      10.0

yadav           98                      31.0

sharma          50                      16.0

Total Votes:  311

Winner of the Election is: yadav

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Explanation:

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Explanation:

I hope that helps :)

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2 years ago
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