I think you forgot to give the options along with the question. i am answering the question based on my research and knowledge. The European nations were not satisfied with establishing free trade with Africa and Asia during the era of imperialism because <span>European nations wanted monopoly control of markets and resources.</span>
<span>Prior to the development of city-states, people lived in rural spread out hamlets, which were subject to frequent raids by other factions. By concentrating people in a more protected settlement, which was the forerunner of the city-state, people had an increased survival rate.</span>
I'm not sure if any of your answers are correct answers to the question asked.
Cities were mostly developed on the Atlantic coast as 1. that is where they landed and 2. they would have port access to Europe still.
As time went on, the British government did limit the growth westward.
