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Christopher Columbus, the son of a wool merchant, was born in Genoa in about 1451. (History.com, 2013) When he was still a teenager, he got a job on a merchant ship. Until 1470 Christopher Columbus remained on the see, when French merchant ships that were owned and officered by private individuals using government permission for use in war attacked his ship as it sailed north along the coast of Portuguese. The boat sank, but the young Columbus floating on a scrap of wood from the sunken ship made his way to Lisbon, where he studied four subjects which were mathematics, astronomy, cartography and navigation.
During two centuries which were the 15th and 16th centuries, several leaders of European nations were sponsoring expeditions abroad in the hope that explorers would find great wealth and very great extent of undiscovered lands. In the so called “Age of Discovery” the Portuguese were the first people to participate in it. About 1420 was when it started of small Portuguese ships known as caravels zipped along the African coast and which were carrying spices, gold, slaves and other goods from Asia and Africa to Europe.
At the end of the first of the two centuries which was the 15th century, it was nearly no way to Europe on land. The only route was long and arduous, which you could have encounters with hostile armies who were very difficult to avoid. Explorers from Portugal solved the land round and hostile army problems by taking to the sea which they ended up sailing to the south along the West African coast also around the Cape of Good Hope.
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semiarid land has too little moisture for much crop based agriculture
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goals like these would be important for a nation so that when creating their new nation, they can get an idea about what rules they need to set for their nation to succeed.
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A chartered company is an association formed by investors or shareholders for the purpose of trade, exploration, and colonization.
The East India Company evolved from a small enterprise run by a group of City of London merchants, which in 1600 had been granted a royal charter conferring the monopoly of English trade in the whole of Asia and the Pacific.
The company received a Royal Charter from Queen Elizabeth I on 31 December 1600, coming relatively late to trade in the Indies.
The East India Company was established in 1600 as a joint-stock company with a monopoly of the trade to and from the East Indies. Its political achievements form a large part of the history of the British Empire, and its economic power was enormous, contributing substantially to the national wealth and causing the company to be the centre of most of the economic controversies of the 17th century. The company ended up seizing control over large parts of the Indian subcontinent, colonized parts of Southeast Asia, and colonized Hong Kong after a war with China.
By 1803, at the height of its rule in India, the British East India company had a private army of about 260,000—twice the size of the British Army, with Indian revenues of £13,464,561, and expenses of £14,017,473. The company eventually came to rule large areas of India with its private armies, exercising military power and assuming administrative functions. Company rule in India effectively began in 1757 and lasted until 1858, when, following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Government of India Act 1858 led to the British Crown's assuming direct control of the Indian subcontinent in the form of the new British Raj.
He wanted to improve relations with China and the Soviet Union.
