Answer:
Ferns do not have true leaves as many plants do, but structures called fronds. These fronds are split down into leaflets called pinnae. These fronds are green and the fern gets its food via photosynthesis. Ferns reproduce by spores in an alternating generations.
Explanation:
i studied ferns for years
So u get a codon chart it'll look like a circle with a bunch of letters. Then you use the letters u are given for every dash such as UCU and you go biggest to smallest letter until you hit an amino acid or stop then what you write down is that amino acid you hit. For an example, we'll use UCU. You go to the big letter U inside that big U will be a smaller C and inside that C will be a smaller U which leads to an amino acid or a stop codon. And you do this with every group of 3 letters. If one is missing it stops prematurely and if there is an extra when it may have a mutation. I hope that helped! If not there are YouTube videos out there that can help.
Viruses are at the heart of this century-old debate. Viruses<span> are parasites that infect plants, animals, fungi and bacteria. They consist of genetic material surrounded by a protein coat and are unable to grow or reproduce without a host. The classification of viruses has confused scientists for nearly 100 years. Originally they were viewed as poisons. In fact, the word ''virus'' is Latin for ''poison.'' They have since been viewed as living creatures, then mere bio-chemical compounds, and, most recently, somewhere in between chemical compounds and lifeforms.</span>Non-cellular life<span> refers to organisms, such as viruses, that exist without any cells, and it is a very controversial topic. The cell theory, which is one of the fundamental tenets of biology, states that all living things are composed of cells and that cells are the basic units of life. So the idea that something can be considered alive without having cells is an issue that is up for debate.
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Answer:
The term "disease" refers to conditions that impair normal tissue function. For example, cystic fibrosis, atherosclerosis, and measles are all considered diseases. However, there are fundamentally different causes for each of these diseases. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is due to a specific genotype that results in impaired transport of chloride ions across cell membranes, leading to the production of abnormally thick mucus. Thus, CF is most accurately called a genetic or metabolic disease. Atherosclerosis, which can lead to heart attacks and strokes, may be considered a disease of aging, because it typically becomes a problem later in life after plaques of cholesterol have built up and partially blocked arteries. In contrast, measles is an infectious disease because it occurs when an individual contracts an outside agent, the measles virus. An infectious disease is a disease that is caused by the invasion of a host by agents whose activities harm the host's tissues (that is, they cause disease) and can be transmitted to other individuals (that is, they are infectious).
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