Answer:
The Industrial Revolution was the beginning of capitalism as we know it today. The rise of capitalism changed societies entirely. Socialism and communism as demands for equality responded to these changes:
I) The world of work changed dramatically. City artisans and peasants saw their work being made by machines. They lost control of the production of those goods and started to work in fabrics owned by the bourgeoisie. Now they worked not for themselves but somebody else.
II) Changes started to happen faster. Because of new inventions in communication and transportation, it seemed time was ticking faster. This made workers fear for their survival amidst changes in the world of work.
III) Intensification and complexification of the economic system connected the world in violent ways that were noted by intellectuals of the time. Many men and women saw how the need for raw materials caused by the growth of the industry led to violence against peoples in other parts of the world and violence against workers through poor working conditions.
All these changes led to the rise of ways of thinking that saw capitalism as an intrinsically unjust and violent system and therefore demanded collective property of the means of production, i.e., fabrics, mines, etc.
<em>Answer: </em>
<h2><em>
New York City </em></h2>
<em>was the first capital of the United States once the Constitution was ratified. George Washington took the oath of office to become the first President of the United States from the balcony of the old City Hall.</em>
<em>Galing G o o g l e</em>
<span>First, let’s take a look at what the ratification of the 14th amendment meant. The Fourteenth Amendment gave citizenship to all people who were born or naturalized (a non-citizen who earns citizenship) in the U.S., including former slaves. It also allowed the government the ability to reduce representation in Congress for states that interfered with a person’s right to vote.
The Fifteenth Amendment focused on not allowing states the ability to deny someone their right to vote based on their race, color, or previous enslavement. States could, however, choose how citizens qualify to vote. Some southern states required people pay taxes to vote or take a literacy (reading and writing) test.
By allowing everyone who is a citizen (including former slaves) to participate in voting and electing government officials, this provided a way for all to be represented. Some changes still needed to be made, as seen in the Fifteenth Amendment. The creation of these amendments paved the way for future laws to be passed including the Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act. They ensured that all voters, regardless of skin color or race, would be seen as equals, be present, and be heard in political matters.</span>
According to the sixth Amendment: "In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence."
Sandra was arrested and charged. This is thus a criminal prosecution and the Sixth Amendment is clear, she has the right ot representation and the judge's actions are unconstitutional. The case Gideon v. Wainwright is a good example. This case involved a homeless man in Florida who was accused of burglary. His judge denied him the right of legal representation and the man had to represent himself. He was found guilty but appealed the sentence from his prison cell. The case was taken to the SCOTUS and the ruling was quite clear: State Courts have the legal obligation of respecting the constitutional rights of defendants in all criminal prosecutions. Actually, Clarence Darrow, one of the greatest attorneys in the history of the USA took an attorney when he was accused of a criminal offence. Therefore being "smart enough" is irrelevant; all defendants in all criminal prosecutions have a right to legal representation.
Answer:
The federal government sets a standard minimum wage that applies to all employees.
Minimum wage rates are determined by factors such as poverty threshold, prevailing wage rates and socio-economic indicators.
