Answer:
China's history is very rich and diverse. China used to have dynasties which ruled it with the Qin and Qing dynasties being popular. The people's republic of China came into existence in 1946 under the leadership of Mao Zedong.
Explanation:
In the Balkans, Serbia had won autonomy in 1817, and southern Greece won independence in the 1830s. But many Serbs and Greeks still lived in the Balkans under Ottoman rule. The Ottoman empire was home to other national groups, such as Bulgarians and Romanians. During the 1800s, various subject peoples staged revolts against the Ottomans, hoping to set up their own independent states.
Such nationalist stirrings became mixed up with the ambitions of the great European powers. In the mid-1800s, Europeans came to see the Ottoman empire as "the sick man of Europe." Eagerly, they scrambled to divide up Ottoman lands. Russia pushed south toward the Black Sea and Istanbul, which Russians still called Constantinople. Austria-Hungary took control of the provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina. This action angered the Serbs, who also had hoped to expand into that area. Meanwhile, Britain and France set their sights on other Ottoman lands in the Middle East and North Africa.
The correct answers are the last two:
a statesman named Solon who made laws prohibited the enslavement of debtors;
and
the leadership of Cleisthenes who presented a constitution in 508.
Solon (640-558 BC) did not originate democracy in Athens, but did take steps that led in that direction. According to the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, "While Solonian reforms did not establish democracy, they were a crucial step on the Athenian road to democracy. Solon's constitution, consisting of moderate redistribution rather than a revolutionary transfer of political power, nonetheless granted important rights to the lowest class of citizens."
Cleisthenes (570-508 BC) is known as the founder of Greek democracy. He aligned himself with the Assembly (of the people) against the aristocracy and managed to impose democratic reforms by means of a new constitution that was approved by the Assembly and implemented in 508 BC. There's much more to the story than that, but we'll keep it brief here.
As to the other answers, Plato founded a school of thought in Athens prior to Aristotle, and neither of them viewed democracy all that favorably.
Nobles worked against tyrannical monarchs for their own benefit, not to spur democracy.
Tyrants were called "tyrants" (a word referring to an absolute ruler or dictator) because they ruled for their own interests, not for "the needy."
Oligarchy ("government by the few") would not support democracy ("government by the people").
