Answer:
The organism's genotype encodes their phenotype because the <u>genotype</u> corresponds to the characteristic that is determined by genes —formed by fragments of <u>DNA</u>— which are transcribed into <u>mRNA</u> to be translated into amino acid sequences in the synthesis of <u>proteins</u>, determining the morphological and functional characteristics of an organism, that is, its phenotype.
Explanation:
<u>Genotype</u> corresponds to the genetic information contained in the <u>DNA</u>, according to the sequence of nucleotides in its molecular structure. This genotype includes characteristics or polymorphisms that define the appearance and function of living beings.
Each DNA molecule constitutes a chromosome, formed by genes —DNA fragments— each of which determines specific characteristics.
When DNA is transcribed into <u>mRNA</u>, information is being sent that is necessary for the incorporation of amino acids into a <u>protein</u> that is being synthesized. The proteins, in turn, determine morphological and functional characteristics that constitute the <u>phenotype</u> of an individual.
Answer:
The correct answer is: d. loss of blood pressure and loss of oxygen-carrying capacity.
Explanation:
- Blood is a liquid connective tissue which is the major component responsible for transporting nutrients and oxygen to all the cells in the body and for removing carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes from all the cells of the body.
- When there is excessive blood loss, the total volume of blood in the body decreases far below normal. As a result of this the blood pressure (pressure applied by the blood on the walls of the arteries) decreases.
- This is because the rate at which blood is lost is far more than the rate at which it is produced.
- The decrease in blood pressure prevents the blood from travelling easily against the gravity, hence it is unable to reach all the regions of the body, thereby depriving many cells of nutrients and oxygen. The waste products are also not efficiently collected from these cells. This causes the cells in the deprived regions to die.
- Blood carries the most important component required for respiration and metabolism, that is oxygen, in association with haemoglobin molecules. Excessive blood loss causes loss of haemoglobin as well. This can cause reduction in the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Hence the cells of the body are unable to carry out metabolic activities properly due to the dearth of oxygen. This causes the death of cells.
- Excessive death of cells causes tissues to become non-functional and that can cause organ failure. Multiple organ failure can pose severe threat to life.
Answer: The blanks can be correctly filled up with prophase I and metaphase II.
Explanation:
In females, finite number of oocytes are present since birth. The process of oogenesis initiate in embryonic stage only. However, oogonia divide and mature to form primary oocytes. These primary oocytes start meiotic division but arrest in prophase I stage before birth.
After a girl attains puberty, one primary oocyte resumes its division each month during a menstrual cycle. The primary oocyte divides to form secondary oocyte and polar body.
Polar bodies degenerate after completing meiosis II. However, secondary oocyte halts its division again at metaphase II until fertilization takes place. Once fertilization takes place it completes its meiosis II and results into mature ovum and polar body.
Given what we know, we can confirm that if a cancer medicine wishes to stop cellular division, it must target the Centrioles of a cell.
<h3>What are the Centrioles of a cell?</h3>
- The centrioles are cylinder-shaped organelles made up of microtubules.
- Their function is to organize the contents of the cell before cellular division.
- This is done to ensure that once the cell divides, its contents are split evenly to each daughter cell.
- They also play a role in initiating the cellular division process.
Therefore, given the role of the centrioles in organizing the contents of the cell for cellular division, as well as initiating the first part of cell division, we can confirm that in order for a cancer medicine to stop cell division, it must target the centrioles.
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Nucleus has genetic material (DNA) inside it, so it commands the cell about how it has to be function......
