Answer: Positive externality
Explanation: Positive externality is the concept in which the service produced and the consumption of that service will provide benefit a third party who is not a part of the process.
While producing fertilizer , it is providing a unintentional benefit to the community surrounding(third party) by keeping the insects away through exerting gases so that they don't cause insect bites or other problem.
Other options are incorrect because negative externalities are negative consequences face by the third party in a process. Comparative externality is related with comparison and pecuniary externality is increment or decrement in market price of service by action of economic actor .
The term metacommunication is best defined as: "interpersonal bridge between verbal and nonverbal communication".
When meta-communication happens, the words talked are regularly customs and contain next to no significance. The expression "meta-communication" was designed by Gregory Bateson in 1970s. Bateson's concept of meta-communication is that some non-verbal communication and idiosyncrasies consolidate with individuals' words to end up codes. Viably conveying along these lines requires that all participants know and see each others' codes.
I think that it’s electing members to parliament in england