A "Nation State" is a sovereign nation. A group with definite territory that legitimizes it's right to rule by the fact that it exists. A "City State" is like a nation state but smaller, it's a city and it's territories. ... Cities that were only responsible to themselves, they weren't ruled by any higher power.
I think that over 1941 there was a war and people paid others to protect themself so they get richer over the years money wont solve people problems ever since money was made and out to the world
This is correct.
Machiavelli was an Italian political philosopher whose famous work, the Prince, is an in-depth look at what is necessary for a ruler to be effective, both in terms of ruling a people but also in doing what needs to be done.