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3 years ago

What is the difference between a bony fish and a cartilaginous fish?

1 answer:

3 0

Bony fish belong to Class Osteichthyes, while cartilaginous fish belong to Class Chondrichthyes. Bony fish have a bony skeleton, while cartilaginous fish have one composed mostly of cartilage. Bony fish have body coverings of scales, while cartilaginous fish are covered with dendritical projections (think shark skin).
Bony fish are found in fresh and salt water; cartilaginous fish are found only in salt water. Bony fish have gills covered by an operculum; cartilaginous fish have gill slits. Bony have no eyelids; the cartilaginous fish do. Bony fish have an air-filled swim bladder; cartilaginous fish have an oil-filled liver to keep them bouyant. Hope this helps! Whew!

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*Fill in the blank*

Gekata [30.6K]

The noncyclic pathway is a FLOW of electrons from water, to photosystem II, to PHOTOSYSTEM I to NADPH. Energy is released as ELECTRONS move through the first electron transfer chain. This energy pumps HYDROGEN IONS into the thylakoid compartment, and then they power the formation of ATP as they flow back out. Sunlight provides the energy needed to keep this cycle going.

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Luminous energy is trapped by chlorophyll in Photosystem II.
When the pigment molecules absorb light, electrons provided by water molecules get in a higher energy level.
The excited electrons go through the electron transport chain from Photosystem II to a less energetic level in photosystem I.
When the excited electrons leave photosystem II, they are replaced by new electrons extracted from the water molecules.
Luminous energy absorbed move the electrons from the photosystem I to another electron acceptor, from where they get transported again and used to produce NADPH molecules.
When electrons leave Photosystem I, they are replaced by new electrons coming from photosystem II.
When the water molecule breaks down, hydrogen ions remain in the thylakoid lumen, from where they are pumped to the stroma by the ATP synthase.
The released energy is used to produce ATP molecules.
Hydrogen ions go back from the stroma to the thylakoid compartment.

The final products are oxygen, ATP, and NADPH.

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8 0

2 years ago

A strand of DNA contains 10% Guanine, what percent is Adeninc?

Wittaler [7]

Answer:

40% is Adenine.

Explanation:

In DNA, Guanine pairs with Cytosine and Adenine pairs with Thymine.

If a strand of DNA contains 10% Guanine, that means that it also contains 10% Cytosine.

10% G + 10% C = 20%

100% - 20% = 80% (Adenine and Thymine)

80% ÷ 2 = 40%

The strand of DNA contains 10% Guanine, 10% Cytosine, 40% Adenine, and 40% Thymine.

5 0

3 years ago

Myristoyl-CoA is a saturated fatty acid with 14 carbons attached to coenzyme A. How many molecules of ATP would be generated fro

sladkih [1.3K]

Answer:

Total ATP molecules produced = 94 molecules of ATP

Explanation:

Myristoyl-CoA, is a saturated fatty acid with 14 carbons which has been activated for oxidation by attachment to coenzyme A. When it has undergone complete oxidation, it will yield 7 acetyl-CoA molecules and 6 FADH₂ and 6 NADH molecules each.

Each of the 7 acetyl-CoA molecules obtained from its initial oxidation enters into the citric acid cycle and is completely oxidized to yield further ATP and FADH₂ and NADH molecules.

The overall yield of ATP from the various enzymatic steps is shown below:

Acyl-CoA dehydrodenase = 6 FADH₂

β-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase = 6 NADH

Isocitrate dehydrogenase = 7 NADH

α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase = 7 NADH

Succinyl-CoA synthase = 7 ATP (from substrate-level phosphorylation)

Succinate dehydrogenase = 7 FADH₂

Malate dehydrogenase = 7 NADH

Note: 1 FADH2 molecule yields 1.5 ATP; 1 NADH molecule yields 2.5 ATP molecules. Therefore,

Total ATP from FADH₂ molecules = 13 * 1.5 = 19.5

Total NADH molecules = 27 * 2.5 = 67.5

Total ATP molecules produced = 19.5 + 67.5 + 7 = 94

Total ATP molecules produced = 94 molecules of ATP

4 0

3 years ago

Which part of the root contains transport tubes?

Anettt [7]

The part of the root that contains transport tubes is the root hair. The primary role of the root hair is to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. They are hair-like and tubular in structure and are sometimes rarely visible by the naked eye.

5 0

3 years ago

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An endangered species is

galina1969 [7]

A specises that is very close to extinction that they are trying to save

8 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers