Through speech and then eventually text
D:All of the above
Explanation: it just is i’m trying to help u
The Western Europe greatly suffered from the Viking raids.The economy went down and there was division among political leaders. With their raids, it also made the Europeans develop new strategies to defend their lands and army like the Franks who built castles and body armors.
President Harding's efforts to return to normalcy were prevented by political scandal because there was a lot of scandal during his administration, which distracted from the plan.
