1. Explain why neither cyclins nor kinases alone can cause a cell to progress through the cell cycle.
As cyclin accumulates, it activates their kinases that turn on the pathway to mitotic spindle formation, and so on.
2. How do controls of the cell cycle protect multi-cellular organisms from accumulating large numbers of damaged or defective cells?
The checkpoint control is responsible for multi-cellular organisms for not accumulating large numbers of damaged or defective cells. Checkpoint controls consist of proteins that detect mistakes and damage and quickly halt the cell cycle until repairs are made. When this occurs, the cell is said to be in cell-cycle <span>arrest.
</span>3. What is the difference between a cancerous tumor and metastasis?
Cancer is cause by mutations in the genes that encode these proteins can lead to uncontrolled growth. Cancer is when there is uncontrolled cell growth and reproduction. Metastasis is caused by tumors when they grow and interfere with the surrounding tissue or cells and break off and spread around the body. Cancerous tumors cause metastasis, and tumors are caused by mutations in genes that lead to uncontrolled growth.
4. What are the functions of tumor-suppressor genes and protoncogenes in noncancerous cells?
The genes that encode the checkpoint proteins are called tumor suppressors because they suppress the development of cells into tumors. If mutations inactivate these genes, the cell-cycle break is removed with or without a signal from the outside. Proto-oncogene’s are involved in promoting cell division, mutations can cause them to become oncogenes, or cancer genes which stimulate cells to leave G0 and divide whether or not it is a signal.
An experiment is created by a scientist to determine how fertiliser affects sugar cane height. Two fields receive fertilization, but the remaining two do not. Fertilizer Application serves as the experiment's control group.
Fertilizer Application is typically limited to irrigated plantations and varies by region and even by farmer. Fertilizers will work best if used between 12 and 24 months before and after the peak growing season. One year after planting, farmers typically spray 50 kg of urea and 50-100 kg of DAP per acre. Since Casuarina manufactures its own nitrogen with the aid of the bacterium Frankia, it does not require a significant amount of nitrogen fertiliser. In order to prevent this, it is advised to apply 11 kg of urea and 94 kg of superphosphate at moderate level.
Learn more about Fertilizer Application here
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Answer:
all of their cells grew larger
An example of a parallel choice on a dichotomous key is happy or sad and old or young. Either one of those answers.
Answer:
Besides hard and soft, conductors and isolators is another group to divide non-living things into two groups.
Explanation:
The general classification is a very hard task to do. However, if we think in absolutes we will be able to find ways to divide non-living things into two groups. Think about one thing, for example, flammable or not flammable, shinny, or opaque. We just need to find a characteristic and them see if we can group non-living things below them.
