1.True
"Rival Land Claims. <em><u>England</u></em>, France, and the Netherlands became <u><em>early rivals of Spain</em></u> in colonizing the <u><em>North American</em></u> continent," as stated by https://www.loc.gov/teachers/classroommaterials/connections/parallel-histories-spain/history3.html, which means that england was in fact the first biggest rival in the North American continent.
2.False
"The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War between Great Britain and France, as well as their respective allies. In the terms of the treaty, <em><u>France gave up all its territories</u></em> in mainland North America, effectively ending any foreign military threat to the British colonies there," as stated by https://history.state.gov/milestones/1750-1775/treaty-of-paris, meaning <em><u>not just one</u></em><em> </em>colony, but all colonies.
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Depending on which country you talk about it's either the Civil law, as in many European countries, where there are pre-written rules or common law where the decisions are made while judging cases - so UK and it's former colonies.
Answer:
How do you think most European countries reacted to the Monroe Doctrine? Most European countries were upset and annoyed that the United States would tell well established European countries how to handle their foreign affairs.
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The correct option is B.
The energy crisis of 1970 gave birth to energy reform in America. As a result of the crisis, efforts were made to stimulate domestic oil production, to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and to find alternative sources of power.