Primarily, it detects peptidoglycan, which is present in a thick layer in Gram-positive bacteria. ... In Gram-positive bacteria, the cell wall is thick (15-80 nanometers), and consists of several layers of peptidoglycan. They lack the outer membrane envelope found in Gram-negative bacteria.
Link:https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-microbiology/chapter/cell-walls-of-prokaryotes/
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The solvent would be the water and the sugar would be the solute.
The ball must slow down due to the resistance from the grass constantly in the way
In photosynthetic organisms, NADPH is produced by ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase in the last step of the electron chain of the light reactions of photosynthesis. It is used as reducing power for the biosynthetic reactions in the Calvin cycle to assimilate carbon dioxide.