D) differences between species and their ancestors
This is because of the adaptive mechanism and mutations the organisms have to respond to. <span>Adaptation processes occur to help species survive and thrive in the ecological balance of life. Structural adaptations are physical features of an organism that adapted through time. An example of this are the bills of a bird and the fur of bears that they generally need for their survival; birds for hunting, and bears to protect them from low climate areas.</span>
Crossing over is the main event in meiosis and heredity as it leads to genetic variation.
<h3>What is genetic variation?</h3>
Genetic variation is the changes that take place in the genes of individuals that can lead to the formation of new characters.
it generally occurs in meiosis specifically during crossing over.
Thus, it can be concluded that crossing over between non-sister chromatids during meiosis is significant in heredity as it leads to genetic variation.
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Amoeba are the consumers that surround, engulf, and ingest their food.
<h3><u>Explanation</u>:</h3>
Amoeba is a unicellular organism that belongs to the kingdom Protista. This organism are having eukaryotic cells without any cell walls. These organisms have each and every cellular organelle that are needed to perform metabolism.
Amoeba are consumer in mode of nutrition. Whenever they senses some food, they push a part of their cytoplasm packed in cell membrane towards the food to cover it. This process is called pseupodia.
This pseupodia engulfs the food and performs phagocytosis or pinocytosis. This food is covered in a cell membrane inside the cytoplasm which is called the food vacoule or endosome. This then fuses with a lysosome to digest and then the excretory product is let off by the secondary vacoule.
Answer: State the hypotheses. Every hypothesis test requires the analyst to state a null hypothesis and an alternative hypothesis.
Formulate an analysis plan. The analysis plan describes how to use sample data to accept or reject the null hypothesis.
Analyze sample data.
Interpret the results.
Explanation:
