<em>'2D and 3D refer to the actual dimensions in a computer workspace. 2D is "flat", using the horizontal and vertical (X and Y) dimensions, the image has only two dimensions and if turned to the side becomes a line. 3D adds the depth (Z) dimension.'</em>
Basically, 2D maps are flat (like paper), and 3D maps are not (like a globe).
The proximity of water was an advantage to Western Europe and its culture was able to flourish as a result. Trade and travel by sea were easier and safer in historical times.