Answer:
A frameshift changes every codon past it. A base substitution only changes one codon.
Explanation:
DNA is comprised of nucleotides (A, C, T, G) that make up amino acids. Every three bases is called a codon and represents an amino acid.
In a frameshift mutation, a nucleotide is either added or deleted from the sequence. This offsets the entire sequence after it because the reading frame shifts. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
If another T is added in between the first and second codons, then every codon after will be changed.
ACT>T<GCTATCGTCATC
A substitution mutation is usually less severe, as it only alters one codon in the sequence. These occur when one nucleotide is replaced by another one. Here's an example:
ACTGCTATCGTCATC
Let's say the first G is replaced by a T.
ACT>T<CTATCGTCATC
As you can see, none of the other codons changed.
Typically, a frameshift mutation is considered worse than a substitution mutation.
Answer:
The fourth plant that receives pure water is the control group.
Explanation:
The election of a control group is essential in an experiment. Its principal purpose is to allow the discrimination of the results obtained by the treatment in the study, in this case, <em>the different concentrations of salty water that each plant receives</em>. The control group provides a reference point. It must be selected from the same population of the treatment groups. Both groups must be similar in every variable that might influence the results, <u>except for the study treatment.</u>
The correct answer is D. for sure.
Are any of the answers capitalized? I believe it's Bb.
