Alexander Hamilton was the leader of the Anti-Federalists because he believed in a limited federal government - incorrect. Hamilton was one of the Federalists, defended the Constitution and a strong federal government as well.
The Great Compromise combined the New Jersey plan and the Virginia plan in order to establish state representation. - Correct. The Great Compromise combined ideas from the Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plans and created a bicameral legislature with the creation of the Senate that represented states.
The 3/5th's compromise was created to resolve the issue over taxation. - Correct. The three-fifths- Compromise was created to solve the problem with slaves populations if they would count for legislative representation and tax purposes or not. The solution then was to count three out of every five slaves as a person for legislation and taxes purpose.
The Federalists papers were written by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison to persuade states to ratify the Constitution. - Correct. The Federalist papers were a series of 85 essays that urged Anti-Federalists to ratify the constitution.
James Madison is referred to as the "Father of the Constitution" because of his contributions. - Correct. James Madison is called that because his drafts and his promotion of the Constitution, also he was the one who drafted the Bill Of Rights.
Anti-Federalists would only ratify the Constitution after a Bill of Rights was added to protect civil liberties. - Correct. The main problem that the Anti-Federalists had with the Constitution was the creation of a strong federal government that could seize civil rights, because of that they would only ratify the Constitution if it held a Bill of Rights to protect citizens.
Checks and Balances were added to the Constitution to make sure the government does not go into debt. - Incorrect. The Checks and Balances system was added to the Constitution to limit the government power by giving power and mechanisms to stop the government to the other powers - legislative branch and judiciary branch.
It did not establish judicial review. Judicial review had been used in state courts and lower federal courts prior to Marbury, and ruled a number of times that some laws were unconstitutional. In fact, even the Supreme Court used judicial review before Marbury to decide that a carriage tax was constitutional (Hylton v. United States).
However, Marbury was the first case that the Supreme Court used to rule a law unconstitutional. They declared that a part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 which gave the US Supreme Court court original jurisdiction over writs of mandamus. The Court ruled that Congress does not have the authority to modify the Supreme Court's original jurisdiction, therefore, it was unconstitutional.
<span>In a way, by doing so, the Supreme Court actually took away some of it's power that Congress had granted it because the Constitution did not grant Congress that power.</span>
Answer:
The politics of the period inevitably drove France towards war with Austria and its allies. The King, many of the Feuillants, and the Girondins specifically wanted to wage war.
- The King was hoping war would increase his personal popularity and make him stronger.
- The Girondins wanted to export the Revolution throughout Europe and, by extension, to defend the Revolution within France.
- Other Monarchs from Prussia, Austria were threatening of invading France on the behalf of the French Monarchy. Moreover, the king was unhappy to sharing power and not wanting to accept the limitation on his power as result he agitating with the foreign monarchs
- People like Barnave and Robespierre in France opposed the war, and in Austria the emperor Leopold II, brother of Marie Antoinette, may have wished to avoid war, but unfortunately he died on 1 March 1792.
Thus France under this circumstance it preemptively declared war on Austria (20 April 1792). Prussia joined the Austrian side a few weeks later. And the wars that will catapult Napoleon into notoriety was on.
