I can’t see the picture it’s black for me
John Hancock
John Hancock is best known for his large signature on the Declaration of Independence, which he jested the British could read without spectacles. He was serving as president of Congress upon the declaration’s adoption on July 4, 1776, and, as such, was the first member of the Congress to sign the historic document.
The correct answer is: "the scientific method".
Galileo Galilei (1564 - 1642) was an Italian astronomer, physicist and engineer, known as the "father of observational astronomy" and "of the scientific method".
He conducted research on speed and velocity, gravity and free fall, the principle of relativity, etc. Through observational methods, he was able to describe the properties of such phenomena and to develop "laws" as a starting point for human understanding of them. He confronted the Roman Inquisition by defending the heliocentrism theory developed by Copernicus.
... frustrations with how independence had led to situations where caudillos (authoritarian leaders) rose to power.
Bolivar had wanted a united Spanish America, a great nations, but the wars of independence had tended to result in charismatic military rulers leading their own countries in authoritarian ways -- what we today would call dictators.
The correct answer is C) It encourages the development of new devices to fight and end wars.
War promotes innovation in that it encourages the development of new devices to fight and end wars.
Indeed, many advances that had served humanity had been developed first with military purpose. Many technological advancements in transportation, medicine, or even the internet, were developed by the military during war times. The internet, for instance, served as an effective communication device for the troops during the warfare. Later, these inventions, are adapted to be used by citizens in their daily activities.