Marcus goal to complete his science fair project by the end of this semester is a short-term goal.
The short-term goal is plan and something that is wanted to be done in the near future, where near future can be this week, month or this year. The fact that Marcus wish is to achieve something in the end of this semester, means that it is a goal for the near future, which makes the goal a short-term plan.
It all depend of ehat type of exercise you are doing, if it is a rough; hard workout you may have heavy breathing, or light;easy you breathing will not be as rough. It also depend on how yoy can control your breath.