The small intestine is the site where almost all of the digestion and absorption of nutrients and minerals from food takes place. ... The inner surface of the jejunum, its mucous membrane, is covered in projections called villi, which increase the surface area of tissue available to absorb nutrients from the gut contents.
The digestive process
The digestive tract -- also called the gastrointestinal tract or alimentary canal -- provides the pathway through which foods move through the body. During this process, foods are broken down into their component nutrients to be available for absorption.
Extra information
Digestion actually begins in the mouth, as the enzymes in saliva begin to break down carbohydrate (starch). As food is chewed, it becomes lubricated, warmer, and easier to swallow and digest. The teeth and mouth work together to convert each bite of food into a bolus that can readily move into the esophagus ("the food pipe"). In the meantime, taste buds located in the mouth help you to enjoy each mouthful -- or to find the food distasteful, as is sometimes the case. After the bolus is swallowed, it enters the esophagus where it continues to be warmed and lubricated as it moves toward the stomach.
The acidic environment of the stomach and the action of gastric enzymes convert the bolus into chyme, a liquefied mass that is squirted from the stomach into the small intestine. Carbohydrates tend to leave the stomach rapidly and enter the small intestine; proteins leave the stomach less rapidly; and fats linger there the longest.
The small intestine is the principal site of digestion and absorption. There, enzymes and secretions from the pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and the small intestine itself combine to break down nutrients so that they can be absorbed. The pancreas is a veritable enzyme factory, supplying enzymes to digest proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. Intestinal cells also supply some enzymes. The liver produces the bile required for the emulsification of fat, and the gallbladder stores the bile until it is needed. The absorption of nutrients in the small intestine is facilitated by tiny projections called villi, which provide more surface area for absorption. The nutrients pass through the intestinal membranes into the circulatory system, which transports them to body tissues. Nutrients are then absorbed into the cells, where they are used for growth, repair, and the release or storage of energy. The overall process -- called metabolism -- is highly complex.
Undigested chyme proceeds from the small intestine into the large intestine (colon), where it becomes concentrated, as liquid is absorbed in preparation for excretion. Bacteria cause fermentation, which facilitates further breakdown, but absorption of nutrients from the large intestine is minimal.
According to studies, 80% of the data that we take in comes from our power of sight. Sight lets us take in 180° of images, perceive 1 million different colors, adjust what we see based on level of light & focus close up or miles away. Our vision is more detailed than any digital camera.
The correct answer is: In trisomy there would be one extra chromosome; in a duplication, the number of chromosomes would be normal, but one chromosome would have two copies of a portion of the chromosome.
Trisomy is a type of polysomy (chromosome aberration with extra number of chromosome/s) and also type of aneuploidy (an abnormal number of chromosomes).
Instead of the normal two (one from mother one from father) chromosomes, people with trisomy have three chromosomes. This condition occurs when chromosome pairs fail to separate properly during cell division.
Duplication, on the other hand, usually refers to a region of DNA that is being duplicated. This condition occurs as products of several types of errors in DNA replication and repair machinery.
Explanation: osteoporosis is when your bones are weak and brittle because you didn’t eat enough vitamin D and calcium. Vitamin D and calcium strengthens your bone. Osteoporosis is also very common in females, so that’s why I chose gender.