Bonjour
J'ai <u>une copine</u> qui est française.
<em>the relative pronoun </em><em>qui</em><em> replaces "une copine" to introduce the relative clause.</em>
<em>Qui </em><em>replaces </em><em>the subject</em><em> of the verb "est" and stands for "une copine". It's the same as "</em><em>who"</em>
C'est <u>le livre</u> qu'il va acheter.
<em>The relative pronoun is "</em><em>que</em><em>" changed in "qu' " because the following noun begins with a vowel "il". It replaces </em><em>the direct object</em><em> of the sentence.</em>
<em>il va acheter quoi ? le livre.</em>
<em>QUI </em><em> ► </em><u><em>subject of the relative clause. </em></u>
<em>QUE </em><em> ► </em><em> </em><u><em>direct object of the relative clause.</em></u>
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<em>Both replaces the name just before the pronoun... we call this noun in French = l'antécédent.</em>
<em>They avoid a repetition of this noun.</em>
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<em>EX:</em>
<em>Mon ami est arrivé. Mon ami est anglais</em>
<u><em>Mon ami</em></u><em> qui est arrivé, est anglais. </em><em>Mon ami subject of "est"</em>
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<em>J'ai vu une maison. Elle est très jolie.</em>
<em>La maison que j'ai vue, est très jolie. </em><em>la maison direct object of "j'ai vue" (so the past particple agrees with the direct object because it's before the verb...)</em>
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Hope this helps ☺☺☺