Answer:
1. The species that can produce their food with the assistance of light energy coming from the Sun are termed as autotrophs. These species tend to produce chemical energy from light energy. Heterotrophs on the other hand refer to the species that lack the tendency of generating their food and are solely reliant upon the autotrophs for food.
2. The phenomenon that utilizes water and carbon dioxide and produces carbohydrates within the plants is known as photosynthesis. In the process, oxygen is also produced as a byproduct. The produced oxygen is further utilized by other species in the process of cellular respiration.
3. In the life of an organism, both oxidation and reduction perform an essential function. In the process of photosynthesis, the reduction of carbon dioxide is done and oxidation of water molecules is done. Therefore, it can be said that photosynthesis is an illustration of the oxidation-reduction reaction. Similarly, in cellular respiration, the molecules of oxygen are reduced and the molecules of glucose are oxidized, thus, it is also an illustration of an oxidation-reduction reaction.
4. In the light reaction phase of photosynthesis, the production of ATP, that is, the source of energy is done. Further in plants, the utilization of ATP is done to fix carbon dioxide within the glucose. In the process of cellular respiration, the energy within the carbohydrates is utilized to generate ATP at the time of the electron transport chain.
