The Wade- Davis Bill was introduced after the Civil War. The goal of this bill was to help the Confederate states rejoin the Union after meeting certain requirements.
In this case, the Wade- Davis Bill wanted a majority of the population within a respective southern state to take the Ironclad oath. This oath essentially says that these individuals never supported the Confederacy in the past. This oath was supposed to prove these citizens loyalty to the United States moving forward.
Even though this is passed in Congress, it is pocket vetoed by Lincoln and never gets implemented into US society.
In the year of 1893, there was a group of sugar planters and expatriates supported by a division of the us. Marines deposed Queen Liliuokalani, the last reigning monarch of Hawaii. One year later, the Republic of Hawaii was established as a us protectorate with Hawaiian-born Sanford B Dole as president.
The United States supreme court upheld California's "three-strikes" law in Lockyer vs. Andrade case in 2003. As per California's three strikes law, any felony can serve as the third strike and by that means expose the person subjected to crime to a mandatory sentence that can reach up to 25 years behind bars.
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It’s the second one because I believe