A variable ..... ........
Athens & Sparta are governments
Answer:
After the prewar Communist Party of Poland was eliminated in Stalin's purges in 1938 (some five thousand Polish communists were brought to Russia and killed), a group of survivors led by Marceli Nowotko, Bolesław Mołojec and Paweł Finder convinced in 1941 the Soviets in Moscow of the need to reestablish a Polish party.
Explanation:
from wikipedia
The correct answer is Southern states.
Poll taxes and literacy tests were the southern states response to the newly passed 15th amendment, which gave African-American men the right to vote. To stop this from happening, southern states made citizens pay a tax (aka a fee) to vote and made them take extremely difficult literacy tests. States that used these tactics include Florida, Alabama, Arkansas, and South Carolina.